GCSE COMPUTER SCIENCE CIE | TOPIC 1 KEY TERMINOLOGY

TERMINOLOGY GLOSSARY

Binary: A numbering system that uses only 0s and 1s to represent data.
Logic Gates: Electronic circuits that implement Boolean logic functions, such as AND, OR, and NOT.
Registers: Digital electronic devices that store data and operate on it.
Denary: A numbering system that uses base 10, also known as the decimal system.
Overflow Error: A mathematical error that occurs when a calculation exceeds the maximum value that can be stored or represented.
Hexadecimal: A numbering system that uses base 16, and uses 0-9 and A-F to represent values from 0 to 15.
Logical Binary Shift: An operation that moves all the bits of a binary number to the left or right, while preserving the sign of the number.
Most Significant Bit(s): The leftmost bit(s) of a binary number, which have the highest place value.
Two’s Complement: A method of representing negative numbers in binary by inverting all the bits and adding 1 to the result.
ASCII: A character encoding system that represents text using 7 or 8 bits per character.
Character Sets: Collections of characters and symbols that are used to represent text in computing.
Unicode: A character encoding system that supports a wide range of languages and scripts, including emoji.
Sound Sample Rate: The number of times per second that a sound signal is measured or sampled to create a digital representation.
Sound Sample Resolution: The number of bits used to represent each sample of a sound signal.
Analog: Signals that are continuous and vary smoothly over time.
Pixel: Short for "picture element," a single point in a digital image.
Image Resolution: The number of pixels in an image, usually measured as width x height.
Image Colour Depth: The number of bits used to represent the colour of each pixel in an image.
Data Compression: Techniques used to reduce the amount of data needed to store or transmit information.
Lossy Compression: A type of data compression that reduces file size by permanently removing some of the data.
Lossless Compression: A type of data compression that reduces file size without removing any data.
Run Length Encoding: A simple form of data compression that replaces long runs of repeating data with a shorter code.
Bandwidth: The amount of data that can be transmitted over a network or communication channel in a given amount of time.

ALSO IN THIS TOPIC

1.1.1 NUMBER SYSTEMS | Why Computers use Binary
1.1.2 NUMBER SYSTEMS | Binary, Hex and converting between number systems
1.1.3 NUMBER SYSTEMS | Benefits of Hex
1.1.4 NUMBER SYSTEMS | Binary Addition and Overflow
1.1.5 NUMBER SYSTEMS | Binary Shifts
1.1.6 NUMBER SYSTEMS | Negative Number Representation, Two's Complement
1.2.1 TEXT, SOUND AND IMAGES | How Computers Represent Text
1.2.2 TEXT, SOUND AND IMAGES | How Computers Represent Sound
1.2.3 TEXT, SOUND AND IMAGES | How Computers Represent Images
1.3.1 STORAGE AND COMPRESSION | How Data Storage is Measured
1.3.2 STORAGE AND COMPRESSION | Calculating Image and Sound File Size
1.3.3 STORAGE AND COMPRESSION | Purpose of Data Compression
1.3.4 STORAGE AND COMPRESSION | Lossy and Lossless, how files are compressed
TOPIC 1 KEY TERMINOLOGY
TOPIC 1 ANSWERS
TOPIC 1 TEACHER RESOURCES (CIE)

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