3.1.1 | COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE

Topics from the Cambridge IGCSE (9-1) Computer Science 0984 syllabus 2023 - 2025.

OBJECTIVES
3.1 (a) Understand the role of the central processing unit (CPU) in a computer
(b) Understand what is meant by a microprocessor
• The CPU processes instructions and data that are input into the computer so that the result can be output
• A microprocessor is a type of integrated circuit on a single chip

ALSO IN THIS TOPIC
YOU ARE HERE | 3.1.1 COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE 
3.1.2 COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE 
3.1.3 COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE 
3.1.4 COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE(CIE) 
3.1.5 COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE 
3.2.1 INPUT AND OUTPUT DEVICES 
3.2.2 INPUT AND OUTPUT DEVICES 
3.2.3 INPUT AND OUTPUT DEVICES
3.3 DATA STORAGE 
3.4 NETWORK HARDWARE 
REVISION CARDS
TOPIC 3 KEY TERMINOLOGY
TOPIC 3 ANSWERS
TOPIC 3 TEACHER RESOURCES
TOPIC 1 TEACHER RESOURCES (CIE)

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THE CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT

The Central Processing Unit (CPU) is the main component of a computer that performs most of the processing. It retrieves instructions from memory, decodes and executes them, and manages the flow of data in and out of the computer. The CPU is responsible for carrying out basic arithmetic, logical, and input/output operations and acts as the "brain" of the computer, making decisions based on the instructions it receives.

The role of the CPU in a computer can be described as follows:

Instruction Execution: The CPU fetches instructions from memory, decodes them, and then executes the instructions by performing mathematical and logical operations.

Control Unit: The CPU controls the flow of data and operations in the computer by managing the input/output devices and coordinating the activities of other components.
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Arithmetic Logic Unit: The CPU performs arithmetic operations like addition, subtraction, and multiplication, and logical operations like comparisons and decision making.

Registers: The CPU stores temporary data in its registers for quick access during execution.

Clock Speed: The CPU operates at a certain clock speed, which determines how many instructions it can execute per second. A higher clock speed results in faster processing.

In conclusion, the CPU plays a crucial role in a computer by executing instructions, controlling operations, performing arithmetic and logical operations, storing temporary data, and operating at a specific clock speed.

MICRO PROCESSOR

A microprocessor is a compact integrated circuit that contains the central processing unit (CPU) of a computer or other device. It is responsible for executing instructions and performing operations on data, making it the "brain" of the device. A microprocessor combines the functions of the CPU, memory, and I/O interfaces onto a single chip, making it more cost-effective and efficient than a traditional CPU. Microprocessors can be found in a wide range of devices, including computers, smartphones, appliances, and vehicles.

Project Title: Comparing CPU's of Different Devices
Objectives

1. To understand the role of a CPU in various devices.
   
2. To compare and contrast the CPU's of different devices.
   
3. To learn about the advancements in CPU technology and their impact on device performance.
   

TASKS:

1. Research: Start by researching the basics of a CPU and its functions.
2. Identify Devices: Choose a range of devices, such as smartphones, laptops, gaming consoles, raspberry pi's, household appliances, and identify the type of CPU used in each.
3. Gather Information: Research the specifications of each CPU, such as the clock speed, number of cores, and memory size.
4. Compare and Contrast: Compare and contrast the CPU's of different devices, considering factors such as performance, efficiency, and cost.
5. Advancements in CPU Technology: Study the advancements in CPU technology and their impact on device performance, including the development of multi-core processors and the use of new manufacturing processes.
6. Presentation: Create a presentation or report summarizing your findings, including a comparison of the CPU's of different devices and the advancements in CPU technology.

ALSO IN THIS TOPIC

3.1.1 COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE | The role of the CPU
3.1.2 COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE | Components of the CPU
3.1.3 COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE | Core's, Cache and Clock speed
3.1.4 COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE(CIE) | The Instruction Set
3.1.5 COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE | Embedded Systems
3.2.1 INPUT AND OUTPUT DEVICES | Input Devices
3.2.2 INPUT AND OUTPUT DEVICES | Output Devices
3.2.3 INPUT AND OUTPUT DEVICES | Sensors
3.3 DATA STORAGE | Primary, Secondary, Virtual and Cloud storage
3.4 NETWORK HARDWARE | Networks, Components and Protocols
REVISION CARDS | Flip cards to help test yourself
TOPIC 3 KEY TERMINOLOGY
TOPIC 3 ANSWERS
TOPIC 3 TEACHER RESOURCES