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TERMINOLOGY GLOSSARY
Packet of Data: A unit of data that is transmitted over a network.
Packet Header: The part of a packet that contains information about the packet, such as the source and destination addresses.
Payload: The part of a packet that contains the actual data being transmitted.
Trailer: The part of a packet that contains additional information, such as error checking codes.
Destination Address: The address that specifies the recipient of a packet.
Packet Number: A unique identifier assigned to each packet to help ensure that packets are received in the correct order.
Originator’s Address: The address that specifies the sender of a packet.
Packet Switching: A method of transmitting data in which packets are sent individually over a network and reassembled at the destination.
Circuit Switching: A method of transmitting data in which a dedicated circuit is established between the sender and receiver.
Data Transmission: The process of sending and receiving data over a network or communication channel.
Serial Transmission: A method of data transmission in which data is sent one bit at a time over a single communication channel.
Parallel Transmission: A method of data transmission in which multiple bits are sent simultaneously over multiple communication channels.
Simplex Transmission: A method of data transmission in which data flows in only one direction, from sender to receiver.
Half-duplex Transmission: A method of data transmission in which data can flow in both directions, but not simultaneously.
Full-duplex Transmission: A method of data transmission in which data can flow in both directions simultaneously.
Universal Serial Bus (USB): A standard interface for connecting devices to a computer, used for data transfer and charging.
Data Transmission Errors: Errors that occur during the transmission of data, resulting in incorrect or incomplete data at the receiving end.
Transmission Interference: The distortion or corruption of data during transmission due to interference from other signals or sources.
Data Loss: The loss of data during transmission, due to errors or interference.
Data Gain: The addition of data during transmission, due to errors or interference.
Data Change: Alterations made to data during transmission, due to errors or interference.
Parity Bit: An extra bit added to a binary code to ensure that the total number of ones in the code is either even or odd.
Parity Byte: A byte containing a parity bit, used for error detection and correction.
Parity Block: A block of data that includes one or more parity bytes, used for error detection and correction.
Checksum: A value calculated from a block of data, used to detect errors or changes in the data.
Echo Check: A method of error detection that involves sending a copy of the transmitted data back to the sender for comparison.
Check Digit: A digit added to a number or code, used for error detection and correction.
ISBN: International Standard Book Number, a unique identifier for books used in the publishing industry.
Automatic Repeat Query (ARQ): A method of error control used in data transmission, in which the receiver requests the retransmission of data that is found to be incorrect or incomplete.
ARQ Positive/Negative Acknowledgements: Signals sent by the receiver to the sender to indicate whether the received data was correct or incorrect.
ARQ Timeout: The length of time a receiver will wait for a response from the sender before initiating a retransmission request.
Encryption: The process of converting data into a secret code to protect its confidentiality.
Asymmetric Encryption: A method of encryption that uses a pair of keys, one for encryption and one for decryption.
Symmetric Encryption: A method of encryption that uses a single key for both encryption and decryption.
Public Keys: Keys used in asymmetric encryption that are freely available and used to encrypt messages.
Private Keys: Keys used in asymmetric encryption that are kept secret and used to decrypt messages.
Packet Header: The part of a packet that contains information about the packet, such as the source and destination addresses.
Payload: The part of a packet that contains the actual data being transmitted.
Trailer: The part of a packet that contains additional information, such as error checking codes.
Destination Address: The address that specifies the recipient of a packet.
Packet Number: A unique identifier assigned to each packet to help ensure that packets are received in the correct order.
Originator’s Address: The address that specifies the sender of a packet.
Packet Switching: A method of transmitting data in which packets are sent individually over a network and reassembled at the destination.
Circuit Switching: A method of transmitting data in which a dedicated circuit is established between the sender and receiver.
Data Transmission: The process of sending and receiving data over a network or communication channel.
Serial Transmission: A method of data transmission in which data is sent one bit at a time over a single communication channel.
Parallel Transmission: A method of data transmission in which multiple bits are sent simultaneously over multiple communication channels.
Simplex Transmission: A method of data transmission in which data flows in only one direction, from sender to receiver.
Half-duplex Transmission: A method of data transmission in which data can flow in both directions, but not simultaneously.
Full-duplex Transmission: A method of data transmission in which data can flow in both directions simultaneously.
Universal Serial Bus (USB): A standard interface for connecting devices to a computer, used for data transfer and charging.
Data Transmission Errors: Errors that occur during the transmission of data, resulting in incorrect or incomplete data at the receiving end.
Transmission Interference: The distortion or corruption of data during transmission due to interference from other signals or sources.
Data Loss: The loss of data during transmission, due to errors or interference.
Data Gain: The addition of data during transmission, due to errors or interference.
Data Change: Alterations made to data during transmission, due to errors or interference.
Parity Bit: An extra bit added to a binary code to ensure that the total number of ones in the code is either even or odd.
Parity Byte: A byte containing a parity bit, used for error detection and correction.
Parity Block: A block of data that includes one or more parity bytes, used for error detection and correction.
Checksum: A value calculated from a block of data, used to detect errors or changes in the data.
Echo Check: A method of error detection that involves sending a copy of the transmitted data back to the sender for comparison.
Check Digit: A digit added to a number or code, used for error detection and correction.
ISBN: International Standard Book Number, a unique identifier for books used in the publishing industry.
Automatic Repeat Query (ARQ): A method of error control used in data transmission, in which the receiver requests the retransmission of data that is found to be incorrect or incomplete.
ARQ Positive/Negative Acknowledgements: Signals sent by the receiver to the sender to indicate whether the received data was correct or incorrect.
ARQ Timeout: The length of time a receiver will wait for a response from the sender before initiating a retransmission request.
Encryption: The process of converting data into a secret code to protect its confidentiality.
Asymmetric Encryption: A method of encryption that uses a pair of keys, one for encryption and one for decryption.
Symmetric Encryption: A method of encryption that uses a single key for both encryption and decryption.
Public Keys: Keys used in asymmetric encryption that are freely available and used to encrypt messages.
Private Keys: Keys used in asymmetric encryption that are kept secret and used to decrypt messages.
ALSO IN THIS TOPIC
2.1.1 METHODS OF DATA TRANSMISSION | Data Packets
2.1.2 METHODS OF DATA TRANSMISSION | Serial, Parallel, Simplex, Duplex
2.1.3 METHODS OF DATA TRANSMISSION | The Universal Serial Bus
2.2 METHODS OF ERROR DETECTION | Parity Checks, Check Sum, Check Digit, ARQ
2.3 ENCRYPTION | Symmetric and Asymmetric Encryption
TOPIC 2 KEY TERMINOLOGY
TOPIC 2 ANSWERSTOPIC 2 TEACHER RESOURCES (CIE)
2.1.2 METHODS OF DATA TRANSMISSION | Serial, Parallel, Simplex, Duplex
2.1.3 METHODS OF DATA TRANSMISSION | The Universal Serial Bus
2.2 METHODS OF ERROR DETECTION | Parity Checks, Check Sum, Check Digit, ARQ
2.3 ENCRYPTION | Symmetric and Asymmetric Encryption
TOPIC 2 KEY TERMINOLOGY
TOPIC 2 ANSWERSTOPIC 2 TEACHER RESOURCES (CIE)
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